ships design

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Water Treatment & Boiler Water Treatment

WATER TREATMENT

What happens when a piece of metal is immersed in water?

CORROSION!

What happens to a surface where water is allowed to evaporate?

SCALE!

The reason to treat Water is to avoid or reduce Scale

Boiler Water Treatment

Reasons to treat boiler water:

Avoid scale and corrosion by eliminating:

Dissolved gases

Hardness salts

Various pollutants (oil, acids, mud etc.)

Heat transfer surface; boiler tubes

Boiler tubes must be kept clean for safe and reliable operation

Water Chemistry

Hardness salts

Magnesium and Calcium react with CO2 forming

Calcium carbonate and -bicarbonate

Magnesium carbonate and -bicarbonate

In hot boiler water, the hardness salts may crystallize and adhere to hot

surfaces forming insulating scale.When chemically treated, the hardness

salts form a sludge easily disposed of by blowdown.

Low Condensate pH -absorbed CO2

Chemical Treatment

Neutralising amines

Avoid leakages in the condensate system

Increase hotwell temperature

Dissolved gases

Carbon dioxide, CO2

Oxygen, O2

CO2 and O2 are present in air that is absorb by water. The amount of gases

present in water is dependent on the water temperature. In steam systems,

without treatment CO2 and O2 will lead to corrosion.

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Fire Fighting Appliances

Fire Fighting Appliances

Rules	Explanation and Clarification
1.1 Fire pumps 1.1.1 Every river-sea vessel under this Notification shall be provided with at least one independent power-operated fire pump of capacity not less than 70 cbm/hour. 1.1.2 Every fire pump shall be arranged to draw water directly from sea and discharge into a fixed fire main. 1.1.3 Centrifugal pumps or other pumps connected to the fire main through which back flow could occur shall be fitted with non-return valves. 1.1.4 In river-sea vessels under this Notification, if a fire in any one compartment could put all the fire pumps out of action, there shall be provided in a position outside such spaces an independently driven emergency fire pump which shall comply with the requirements of 1.1.1 The emergency fire pump shall be capable of producing at least a jet of water of not less than 6 m from one hydrant and hose through a nozzle complying with the requirements of 1.3. 1.1.5 Where the fire pumps are capable of developing a pressure exceeding the design pressure of the fire mains, water service pipes, hydrants and hoses, relief valves shall be fitted. Such valves shall be so placed and adjusted as to prevent excessive pressure in the fire main system. 1.1.6 The pumps required for the provision of water for other fire extinguishing systems required by this Annex, their sources of power and their controls shall be installed outside the space or spaces protected by such systems and shall be so arranged that a fire in the space or spaces protected will not put any such system out of action.	Objectives Expert Speak
1.2. Fire main, water service pipes, fire hydrants and fire mains 1.2.1 In every river-sea vessel under this Notification a fire main of 65 mm size shall be laid with isolating valve on the weather deck for feeding any or all fire hydrants. 1.2.2 In every river-sea vessel under this Notification, the number and position of hydrants shall be such that at least one jet of water from a single length of hose can reach any part of the river-sea vessel normally accessible to the crew while the river-sea vessel is being navigated and any part of any cargo space when empty. Furthermore, such hydrants shall be positioned near the accesses to the protected spaces. 1.2.3 Material readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for fire main and hydrants unless adequately protected. The pipes and hydrants shall be so placed that the fire hoses may be easily coupled to them. 1.2.4 In river-sea vessels where deck cargo may be carried, the position of the hydrants shall be such that they are always accessible and the pipes shall be arr

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                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

importance of automation

automation importance

Parts that generally need attention

• Boiler Automation

• Engine Remote Control
• Bridge Control
• Engine Alarm Systems
• Engine Safety Systems
• Inert Gas Control and Automation
• Steering Gear Controls
• Lift Controls
• Oil Discharge Monitoring Systems
• Anti Corrosion Systems
• Cargo Control Systems
• Fire Alarm Systems

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                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

electrical maintenance in general

Parts that generally need attention

• Switch Boards  

• Power Generators /Alternators  
• Voltage Regulators  
• Starter Panels  
• Power Distribution Lines  
• Cables  
• Electric Motors  
• Electric Installations

 Problems most often observed

• Burnt Out Alternators / Motors  

• Water Damaged Cables and Panels  
• Grounding And Short circuit  
• Insulation Ageing  
• Sea Water Damaged Deck Cables and Cable Trays

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                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

while docking things to know and check.

While docking the important things to check....

Docking Services / Parts that generally need attention

• Blasting and painting of hull - superstructure - Deck - Hatches & Covers - Pipelines

• Ship Collision Repair
• Cleaning of ER Bilges - Tanks - Accommodation  
• Special coating to Ballast Tanks - Cargo Tanks - Storage Tanks - Fresh Water Tanks  
• Steel Renewal  
• Piping 
• Propeller & Shaft
• Valves, Winches

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                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

resin choking of an machinery

Alignment & Chocking, a critical operation in ship repairs, used to be a formidable job, until the introduction of pourable resin chocks (marine epoxy resin compounds).

General :: Chockfast Orange, Red, Blue, Black - the best known pourable resin chocks in the industry. (agents for ITW Philadelphia Resins)

Parts that generally need attention

• Main Engines

• Auxiliary Engines and alternators

• Steering gear

• Winches

• Pumps

• Machine Tools

• Crane Rails

  Problems most often observed

• Misalignment

• Overheating of foundations

• Retrofits and new installations

• Concrete Foundation Cracked / Destroyed by Oil

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                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

fuel equipment maintenance !!

Maintenance of fuel equipment !

Parts that generally need attention

• Fuel Injector Service

• Fuel Nozzles

• Fuel Valves

• Fuel Pumps

• HP Fuel Piping

• For Main Engines and Auxiliary Engines
  
  Problems most often observed

• Incomplete Combustion
• Carbon Formation in Cylinders/Exhaust Valves
• Insufficient Oil Pressure
• Leaking Fuel Pumps
• High Exhaust Temperatures
• High Fuel consumption
• Fuel Contamination in Lube Oil through Camshaft Housing

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                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

turbocharger maintenance

Some of the important points while doing turbocharger overhaul or inspection.

Parts that generally need attention

• Rotor assembly
• Turbine blades
• Compressor Wheel
• Shaft Journal
• Compressor Turbine Journal Bearings
• Lube Oil Pump
• Nozzle & Guide Ring
• Casings

Most common problems

• Worn bearings
• Disturbed lubrications
• Clogging of nozzle ring

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                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

useful pics

..............

                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

useful notes for all marine engineering people across the world.

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/converting-seawater-to-freshwater-on-a-ship-fresh-water-generator-explained/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/what-is-ballast-water-management-plan/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-crankcase-inspection-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/permanent-magnet-moving-coil-instrument-pmmc-working-and-application-on-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/preferential-trips-on-ship-construction-and-working/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/marine-electrical/single-phasing-in-electrical-motors-causes-effects-and-protection-methods/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/high-speed-centrifuge-on-ship-construction-and-working/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/auxiliary-machinery/bow-thrusters-construction-and-working/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/what-are-breaking-in-and-running-in-in-marine-diesel-engines/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/intelligent-engines-the-new-generation-machines/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/an-overview-of-common-rail-system-in-marine-engines/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/the-most-popular-marine-propulsion-engines-in-the-shipping-industry/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/what-are-breaking-in-and-running-in-in-marine-diesel-engines/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/marine-electrical/what-is-azipod-propulsion-system-on-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/how-is-power-generated-and-supplied-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/how-to-adjust-the-load-sensors-on-the-mooring-winches/

 

http://marineinsight.com/misc/maritime-law/what-is-ship-to-ship-transfer-sts-and-requirements-to-carry-out-the-same/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/a-comprehensive-list-of-different-types-of-sea-waves/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/a-comprehensive-list-fuel-diesel-and-lube-oil-tanks-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/auxiliary-machinery/boiler-mountings-a-comprehensive-list/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/auxiliary-machinery/understanding-diesel-engine-performance/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/how-is-marine-engine-repair-done-on-board-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/careers-2/what-is-marine-engineering/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/the-most-important-engine-room-documents-a-ship-cannot-sail-without-3/

 

http://marineinsight.com/careers-2/duties-of-electrical-officer-on-board-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/converting-seawater-to-freshwater-on-a-ship-fresh-water-generator-explained/

 

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/boiler-operation-made-easy-procedure-for-starting-and-stopping-a-boiler/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/air-compressor-on-a-ship-checks-for-starting-and-stopping-a-compressor/

 

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/blow-down-procedure-for-marine-boilers/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/life-at-sea/challenges-of-a-job-at-sea-difficulties-of-a-shipping-job/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/what-is-local-or-emergency-manoeuvring-on-ship/

 

http://www.automotive-magazine.com/2009/12/16/my-what-big-pistons-you-have/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/general-overview-of-types-of-pumps-on-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/news/headline/viscosity-meter-and-viscosity-controller-used-on-ships/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/hydraulic-starting-of-emergency-generator/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/procedure-for-starting-and-stopping-generators-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/how-to-synchronize-generators-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/a-woman-chief-engineer-from-brazil-describes-her-interesting-life/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/bunkering-is-dangerous-procedure-for-bunkering-operation-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/category/tech/main-engine/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-scavenge-fires/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/main-engine/what-is-turbocharger-surging/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/sounding-and-different-methods-of-taking-sounding-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/marine/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-container-refrigeration-unit/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/safety-features-and-maintenance-procedure-for-air-compressor-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/piston-skirt-piston-rod-and-trunk-piston/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/duties-of-a-4th-engineer-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/procedure-for-boiler-gauge-glass-maintenance-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/auxiliary-machinery/the-basics-of-air-compressor-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/efficiency-of-air-compressor-and-uses-of-compressed-air-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/auxiliary-machinery/different-parts-of-a-marine-air-compressor-used-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/procedure-for-starting-breathing-air-compressor-on-a-ship/

 

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/safety-features-and-maintenance-procedure-for-air-compressor-on-a-ship/

 

..............

                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

useful information for all the upcoming marine engineers.

http://marineinsight.com/tech/piston-skirt-piston-rod-and-trunk-piston/

http://marineinsight.com/tech/duties-of-a-4th-engineer-on-a-ship/

http://marineinsight.com/tech/proceduresmaintenance/bunkering-is-dangerous-procedure-for-bunkering-operation-on-a-ship/

http://marineinsight.com/marine/a-woman-chief-engineer-from-brazil-describes-her-interesting-life/

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/how-to-synchronize-generators-on-a-ship/

http://marineinsight.com/tech/procedure-for-starting-and-stopping-generators-on-a-ship/

http://marineinsight.com/tech/hydraulic-starting-of-emergency-generator/

http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/boiler-operation-made-easy-procedure-for-starting-and-stopping-a-boiler/

..............

                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.

       

Why only 2 stroke engine rather than 4 stroke engine ?

Why 2-stroke Engines are Used More commonly than 4-stroke on Ships?

When a ship is being constructed in a shipyard, the most important machinery that is to be selected is the main propulsion machinery. Both 2 stroke and 4 stroke engines are widely available in the market but for large ocean going merchant vessel, a 2 stroke engine is more commonly used as main engine and has much better market.

Even with wide variety of advantages that 4 stroke engine offers like compact size of plant, much more RPM or speed etc, a 2 stroke engine outshines with few but vital advantages.

Some of the important reasons why 2 stroke engines are more popular than 4 stroke engines as main propulsion engine on ships

Fuel Selection: The fuel prices have gone sky high and better grade fuel is adding higher costs to vessel operation. A two stroke engine can burn low grade fuel oil and hence reduce running cost of the ship.

Efficiency: The thermal and engine efficiency of 2 stroke engine is much better than that of a 4 stroke engine.

Power: Most of the 2 stroke engines are now large stroke engines that produce more power. Hence they have high power to weight ration as compare to 4 stroke engine.

More Cargo: Ship can carry more weight and hence more cargo with 2 stroke engines because of high power to weight ratio.

Reliability: Two stroke engines are more reliable in operation as compare to 4 stroke engine.

Less Maintenance: The maintenance requirement of two stroke engine is much lesser than 4 stroke engine.

Direction control: Direct starting and reversing is easier with two stroke engine.

No reduction attachments: As two stroke engines are low speed engine, there are no requirement of reduction gear or speed reduction arrangement as required for high speed four stroke engine.

However, the ease-of-manoeuvring a two stroke engine is less than that of a four stroke engine and the initial cost of installation of a two stroke propulsion plant is also much higher than running and maintenance cost of a 4 stroke engine. In 2 stroke engine, the amount saved on high grade fuel can compensate all other disadvantages and also reduce the whole operating cost of a ship.

Refered from: http://marineinsight.com/news/featured/why-2-stroke-engines-are-used-more-commonly-than-4-stroke-on-ships/

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you need to know about these ..useful information.

..............

                                   .::ManindarKumar::.

          .::"I have no money, no resources, no hopes. I am the happiest man alive !"::.